Basic Sciences
Editor's pick
Research Article
Damage deformation properties and acoustic emission characteristics of hard-brittle rock under constant amplitude cyclic loading
By Qi An, Ying Xu, Guoqiang Fan, Chengjie Li, Shoudong Xie, Yanghaonan Jiao
In order to study the deformation and damage characteristics of the limestone specimens with high strength and brittleness under constant amplitude cyclic loading, the deformation and the acoustic emission (AE) characteristics were analysed, and the relationship between them was sought. The damage variables under different amplitude cyclic loading were defined by AE counts. The results showed that the radial deformation of the limestone specimens was more sensitive and unstable than the axial deformation. The concept of apparent residual strain was proposed to describe the specimen deformation characteristics, and it resulted that the radial apparent residual strain produced at higher stress state would recover at lower stress state. The limestone specimens showed obvious Kaiser effect and Felicity effect under cyclic loading. When the upper limit of the cyclic loading was close to the peak stress of the specimen, the AE counts generated in unloading sections were almost the same as that in the loading sections. The damage was increased as the amplitude and the stress level increased and the unloading process at higher stress level would also lead to the aggravation of damages. Specimens would absorb more energy under cyclic loading than under uniaxial loading. Reasonable driving parameters should be controlled in underground excavation practice, to ensure that the stress level of surrounding rock mass in a periodic stress state is located before peak stress and such that to limit the occurrence of rock burst to a certain extent.
August 5, 2024
Vibration Engineering
Most cited
Research Article
A conversion guide: solar irradiance and lux illuminance
By Peter R. Michael, Danvers E. Johnston, Wilfrido Moreno
December 4, 2020
Applied Physics
Most cited
Research Article
Fault diagnosis and health management of bearings in rotating equipment based on vibration analysis – a review
By Adnan Althubaiti, Faris Elasha, Joao Amaral Teixeira
November 26, 2021
Applied Mathematics
Most cited
Research Article
A convolutional neural network method based on Adam optimizer with power-exponential learning rate for bearing fault diagnosis
By Youming Wang, Zhao Xiao, Gongqing Cao
June 30, 2022
Applied Mathematics
Most cited
Research Article
A portable breast cancer detection system based on smartphone with infrared camera
By Jian Ma, Pengchao Shang, Chen Lu, Safa Meraghni, Khaled Benaggoune, Juan Zuluaga, Noureddine Zerhouni, Christine Devalland, Zeina Al Masry
September 26, 2019
Biomechanics
Journal of Measurements in Engineering
Research Article
Traffic sign recognition based on HOG feature extraction
The substantial increase in the number of motor vehicles in recent years has caused many traffic safety problems and has aroused widespread concern. As the basis of intelligent vehicle environment perception and a necessary condition for realizing the functions of assisted driving system, traffic sign recognition is of great significance for realizing automatic driving of vehicles, improving intelligent transportation systems, and promoting the development of smart cities.This paper mainly identifies traffic signs, using histogram of gradient feature extraction method. The image is collected and preprocessed by a vision sensor. The color threshold segmentation method and morphological processing are used to reduce the interference of the background area and enhance the contour of the sign area. Finally, HOG method is used to collect the gradient of each pixel point in the cell unit or the direction histogram of the edge to identify traffic signs. Through MATALB simulation, it is obtained that the HOG image feature extraction method has high accuracy, small error and short recognition time, which shows the effectiveness of the algorithm.
August 11, 2021
Informatics
Research Article
Detection of lane line based on Robert operator
As autonomous driving technology becomes more and more popular, its safety is also attracting attention. Regarding the automatic driving of vehicles, the detection of road markings is particularly important. This paper improves the lane edge detection part of the Hough transform lane line detection method. Because the traditional Canny operator edge detection method is good for image processing, but the detection time is long, this paper replaces the Canny algorithm with the Robert operator edge detection method. The sub-edge detection method can improve the detection speed of lane line extraction. In MATLAB, by using multiple edge detection operators to perform edge detection on the same image 100 times, and taking the average of the detection time, it is found that the Robert operator takes a shorter time in the detection process than the Canny operator; Then the Robert operator and Canny operator are respectively fused into the Hough transform lane line detection. After 100 times, the same image is detected, and the running time is statistically averaged for comparison and analysis. The Robert operator is better than the Canny operator. The time taken is reduced by 0.15191 s. The simulation results show that the integration of Robert operator in Hough transform lane line detection improves the real-time performance of lane detection.
August 11, 2021
Informatics
Research Article
Experimental analysis of cutting force during machining difficult to cut materials under dry, mineral oil, and TiO2 nano-lubricant
Difficult-to-machine materials, e.g., Titanium alloys, are highly applicable in diverse industries that yield strength and wear resistance. However, they prove difficult to machine due to high vibration, leading to high cutting forces during the machining process. This vibration occurs from chip discontinuity and thereby leads to high friction between the cutting tool and workpiece. In order to minimize these challenges, lubricants are employed in machining operations to reduce frictional and other unnecessary cutting forces and improve surface finish. This research focuses on studying the nano-lubricant effects in reducing cutting forces in the machining of TI-6AL-4V-ELI alloy. Also, carry out a comparative study of dry, mineral oil, and TiO2 nano-lubricant during face-milling machining for optimal performance. Additionally, the study develops a predictive mathematical model for cutting force using a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. A two-step approach was employed to develop the nano-lubricant before the machining process. The dynamometer is used to collect the cutting force data at the end of each sample. The Results show that the lubrication conditions play a significant role in the reduction of cutting forces. The mineral oil-based-TiO2 nano-lubricant reduces the cutting force by 19 % compared with the mineral oil during the machining of TI-6AL-4V-ELI alloy. Furthermore, the optimal parameters to reduce cutting forces during face milling of TI-6AL-4V-ELI alloy are cutting speed at 3000 rpm, 200 mm/min feed rate, 0.3 mm depth of cut to obtain the minimum cutting force 30 (N). This study concludes that the application of TiO2 nanoparticles in mineral oil significantly improves the thermal and mechanical properties, which leads to a reduction of cutting force.
December 13, 2021
Applied Physics
Research Article
Application of PCA-K-means++ combination model to construction of light vehicle driving conditions in intelligent traffic
The construction of typical driving condition of vehicles in line with the actual road traffic conditions in China requires the selection of the same vehicle for two months to collect driving data and the obtention of 496000 driving condition data of light vehicles. The sample data are preprocessed by using multivariate statistical theory and MATLAB. After the elimination of abnormal data, the effective data are extracted before being divided into 3020 kinematic segments. Then, it takes a principal component analysis to reduce the dimension of the characteristic parameter matrix. Through K-means++ clustering algorithm, the six principal components obtained by principal component analysis are clustered into two categories. Then the typical kinematic segments are selected from various fragment libraries by using correlation coefficient method, so as to construct a typical driving condition of the vehicles in a certain city. With the application of PCA-K-means and PCA-K-means++ clustering algorithm, a driving condition curve with a duration of 1200s is constructed before its effectiveness and accuracy being compared and analyzed. The results show that the error rate of driving condition between sample data and driving condition constructed by PCA-K-mean++ clustering algorithm is less than 6 % and the error rate of average speed and acceleration standard deviation is less than 1 %. The correlation degree between working condition curve constructed by PCA-K-means ++ clustering algorithm and sample data is increased by 4.08 %. The proportion of deceleration time and idle time in vehicle driving state is obviously different, which indicates that PCA-K-means++ is a better way to solve the problem and the clustering algorithm can effectively construct the driving condition curve of light vehicles suitable for local cities.
September 30, 2020
Vibration Engineering
Journal of Measurements in Engineering
Theoretical and practical advancements in the field of measurements, including instrumentation, sensor technology, data processing, and diverse engineering applications
Impact Factor
1.6
CiteScore
2.0
APC
1100 EUR
Best of Theme
Most cited
Research article
January 27, 2021
A review on wind turbines gearbox fault diagnosis methods
By H. Gu, W. Y. Liu, Q. W. Gao, Y. Zhang
Most cited
Research article
March 31, 2019
Optimization of palm methyl ester and its effect on fatty acid compositions and cetane number
By Sharath Satya, Aditya Kolakoti, Naga Raju B., Shyam Sundar R., Ranga Rao
Most cited
Research article
August 15, 2020
Bearing fault diagnosis based on improved VMD and DCNN
By Ran Wang, Lei Xu, Fengkai Liu
Most cited
Research article
September 30, 2019
Fault diagnosis method for energy storage mechanism of high voltage circuit breaker based on CNN characteristic matrix constructed by sound-vibration signal
By Shutao Zhao, Erxu Wang, Jiawei Hao
You might also like
Most downloaded
Research Article
Dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism with clearance fault
By Shungen Xiao, Mengmeng Song, Zexiong Zhang
In this paper, the dynamic behavior of the slider-crank mechanism with clearance fault is investigated. The revolute joint with clearance is equivalent to a virtual massless rod, and then the dynamic equation of the crank slider mechanism with clearance is established by the Lagrangian method. In addition, a three-dimensional dynamic model of the crank slider mechanism with clearance is also established by ADAMS. The numerical results show that the clearance affects the displacement and velocity response of the crank-slider mechanism in a weak way, but influences the acceleration response of the mechanism in a significant manner. Due to the existence of the clearance, the revolute joint of the mechanism produces a rub-impact phenomenon, and the larger the clearance, the greater the impact strength. During the rub-impact process, there are three kinds of motion states of separation, collision and contact occur.
November 28, 2019
Applied Mathematics
Most downloaded
Research Article
FE analysis and experimental determination of a shaft deflection under three-point loading
By Bernd Engel, Sara Salman Hassan Al-maeeni
Increasing industrial demand for new products including advanced production technology leads to substantial natural resources consumption. Furthermore, huge environmental pollution and emerging environmental legislation motivate the machine tools industry as one of the major resource consumers on a global scale to develop methods for more sustainable use of the Earth's resources. Machine tools re-engineering concerning design and failure analysis is an approach by which outdated machines are upgraded and restored to like-new machines. To evaluate the mechanical failure of the used machine components and to ensure their reliable future performance, it is essential to make material, design, and surface investigations. In this paper, an experimental approach based on the principle of a three-point bending test is presented to evaluate the shaft elastic behavior under loading. Moreover, finite element analysis and numerical integration method are used to determine the maximum linear deflection and bending stress of the shaft. Subsequently, a comparison between the results is made. In conclusion, it was found that the measured bending deflection and stress were well close to the admissible design values. Therefore, the shaft can be used again in the second life cycle. However, based on previous surface tests conducted, the shaft surface needs re-carburizing and refining treatments to ensure the reliable performance of the surface.
September 24, 2018
Applied Physics
Mathematical modeling of first order process with dead time using various tuning methods for industrial applications
The proposed research involves Mathematical modeling for first order process with dead time using various tuning methods for industrial applications. Different tuning methods are proposed. Proposed method selection depends on plant operating conditions and also depending upon the process dynamics. The PID controller is most widely used for industrial process control. Modeling were developed for modified internal control model [4-6] in this proposed research. The proposed work is the modeling and simulation of three different first order processes with dead time. The standard controller tuning method is used to obtain the steady state response of first order with dead time.
Design and analysis of driving motor system for hybrid electric vehicle
In order to improve the reliability and stability of hybrid electric vehicle driving motor system, according to the performance parameters of the hybrid electric vehicle, the driving motor system is designed and analyzed for the hybrid electric vehicle. Based on the performance parameters of the hybrid electric vehicle, the power parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are calculated and determined, then the parameters of the stator core, the permanent magnet and the rotor core are designed and calculated, as well as other main characteristic parameters of the driving motor system are calculated. The model of a PMSM is established and simulated by ANSOFT Maxwell according to the obtained motor parameters, and then the steady state and transient state of the driving motor are simulated in different working points, and the electromagnetic and performance curves are combined to determine the overall performance requirements of the driving motor, which can be used to match the hybrid electric vehicle. The simulation results show that the designed PMSM can be used to match the hybrid electric vehicle and meet the performance requirements of the vehicle. The final simulation analysis results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation results, which indicates that this method can be used to afford a theoretical basis to reduce the cogging torque and optimize the in-wheel motor of electric vehicle in the future.
Understanding Basic Science
Welcome to Basic Science News on Extrica, a premier destination for those who yearn to understand the underpinnings of the scientific world. Basic science, the foundation upon which all complex scientific concepts are built, is an exploration into the fundamental principles that govern our universe. This section serves as a window into what basic science is: an exploration of core principles that form the bedrock of scientific knowledge.
How Basic Science Affects Everyday Life
Often, the significance of basic science in our daily lives goes unnoticed. Yet, its influence is all-encompassing, shaping everything from the technology we use to the medical treatments we receive. Basic science research acts as a catalyst for major advancements, laying the groundwork for applied science and subsequently, technological innovation. Understanding basic science facts is not just for academics but for anyone curious about the mechanics of their everyday world.
What to Expect in This Section
Our Basic Science News section provides a comprehensive collection of basic science articles, research findings, and journals of basic science. Expect to delve into a plethora of topics - from the basic science of public health to the foundational principles of psychology and medical education. This section is a treasure trove of basic science information, designed to enrich your basic science knowledge.
Leading Innovations in Basic Science
Staying abreast of the leading innovations in basic science is crucial for both academic and practical pursuits. This section highlights the groundbreaking basic science research that is pushing the boundaries of what we know. From new basic science theories to advancements in basic science topics, our coverage ensures that you are always informed about the cutting edge of basic science.
Contributing Experts in Basic Science
At Extrica, we pride ourselves on featuring content from a network of esteemed experts. Our contributing authors are not only scholars but also practitioners who bring a wealth of basic science knowledge and experience. Their insights bridge the gap between basic science and applied science, illuminating the real-world applications of these foundational principles.
Basic Science News on Extrica is more than just an open access journal; it's a dynamic platform where basic science principles come to life. Whether you are a student, educator, researcher, or simply a science enthusiast, this section is your gateway to understanding the basic science definition and its expansive scope. Join us in exploring the fascinating world of basic science on Extrica, where knowledge meets curiosity.
